Normalization: Guiding Principle of Equal Opportunities in Education for Children with Disabilities in India
Keywords:
Normalization, Equality, Normal RhythmAbstract
The Principle of Normalization is an essential component of important in-service changes for children who have Mental Retardation or another disability. The goal of normalisation is to ensure that people with disabilities have access to the same kinds of activities and experiences as are open to members of the general population. The purpose of this article was to investigate the concept of normalisation from the perspective of 'equality in educational chances' for people who have impairments in the Indian setting. In this study, a critical analysis of each of normalization's eight aspects, as outlined by Benjt Nirje, is presented. In the context of providing equal chances to people with disabilities, Indian policies may also be seen to have comparable meanings, which are congruent with the normalisation principle. In its conclusion, the study offers an understanding of the fundamental concept behind the Normalization Principle, which serves as the foundation and guiding principle for special education services in India.
References
Bank-Mikkelsen, N.E. 1969. “Changing patterns in residential services for the mentally retarded.” President’s committee on mental retardation. Washington: 227-254.
Cocks, E. 2001. “Normalization and social role valorization: Guidance for human service development.” Hong- Kong Journal of Psychiatry 11(1): 12-16.
Ericsson, K. 2002. From institutional life to community participation. Uppsala, Sweden: Uppsala University.
Ericsson, K. 1985. “The principle of normalization”: History and experiences in Scandinavian countries. ILSMH Congress. Hamburg.
Ericsson, K. 1985. “The origin and consequences of the normalization principle.” IASSMD Congress, New Delhi.
Nirje, B. 1969. “The normalization principle and its human management implications.” In Changing patterns in residential services for mentally retarded. President’s committee on mental retardation.
Nirje, B. 1985. “The Basis and Logic of the Normalization Principle.” Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities 11: 65-68.
Perrin, B., and Nirje, B. 1985. “Setting the record straight: a critique of some frequent misconceptions of the normalization principle.” Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities 11(2): 69-72.
Stanley, J.V., and Soskin, R.M. 1984. Mental retardation : its social and legal context. 1st ed. Prentice Hall Publications.
Wolfensberger, W. 1972. The principle of normalization in human services. Toronto: National institute on mental retardation.
Zigler, E. 1969. “Developmental verses difference theories of mental retardation.” American Journal of Mental Deficiency 73: 536-555.
Zigler, E. 1978. “National crisis services which is in range and in con in mental retardation research.” American Journal of Mental Deficiency 84: 1-8.
